Nameerror name - Feb 15, 2019 · The clue is in the error: NameError, on line 5 where you call pd.DataFrame, because there is no import statement, Python does not know what the "name" pd means. Share Improve this answer

 
NameError: Name 'Item' is not defined. 0. Using a function to create a dataframe from a webscrape. Hot Network Questions How in Bash to test a name/string is an .... Pro.jpeg

# NameError: name 'X' is not defined in Python. The Python "NameError: name is not defined" occurs when we try to access a variable or a function that is not defined or before it is defined. To solve the error, make sure you haven't misspelled the variable's name and access it after it has been declared.NameError: name ‘screen’ is not defined. Did you mean: ‘Screen’? 21st January 2023; ImportError: cannot import name ‘screen’ from ‘turtle’ 21st January 2023; ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘Turtle’ 21st January 2023; Python Quiz Code Sachin Vs Virat 2023 21st January 2023; NameError: name ‘Self’ is not defined.How to fix NameError: name ‘Y’ is not defined? we use the input () function for user input but input is a string or text, not a code so in our case we need to convert the code Y in to string “Y” then we are able to fix this error, for more clarification please see the above example. For more information Visit Amol Blog Code YouTube Channel.Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about Teams 3 Answers. The recommended way to use MySQL with Django is to install mysqlclient instead of mysql-connector-python. If you use mysql-connector-python, then you need to change the ENGINE to 'mysql.connector.django' in your DATABASES setting ( docs ). To fix this error, you can either access pandas using the name that you have used in the import statement or import pandas without an alias. import pandas as pd. # create a dataframe. df = pd.DataFrame( {. 'Name': ['Jim', 'Pam', 'Dwight'], 'Age': [25, 26, 28] }) # display the dataframe.To fix this error, you can either access pandas using the name that you have used in the import statement or import pandas without an alias. import pandas as pd. # create a dataframe. df = pd.DataFrame( {. 'Name': ['Jim', 'Pam', 'Dwight'], 'Age': [25, 26, 28] }) # display the dataframe.Jan 3, 2023 · To solve the error, make sure you will need to make sure that you need to type the correct spelling in your code. In this case, you should replace Type (Capital T) with the type (Small t), and then run the code again., for more clarification please see the below example. NameError: name '_mysql' is not defined after setting change to mysql 3 Django connect mysql problem, NameError: name '_mysql' is not defined1 Answer. Sorted by: 1. You didn't define p1, well you defined it, but in a function, so it's a local variable, not global. # Don't define it in any command p1 = user ('imaad', 'd', 'd', 5, 5, 2, 2, 2, 2,2 ,2) @bot.command () async def test1 (ctx): await ctx.send (p1.name) Also I don't understand your inconsistency, in one command you're using ...Mar 20, 2016 · However, you can remove the unicode () call altogether; open () produces a file object that already decodes data to Unicode for you. You probably want to tell it what codec to use, explicitly: fileMain = open ("dictionary_15k.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") for line1 in fileMain: dictWords.append (line1.strip ()) You may want to switch to Python 2 ... Feb 1, 2023 · To solve the error, we have to import the random module. main.py. # import random module first import random n1 = random.randint(1, 10) print(n1) s1 = random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c']) print(s1) Even though the random module is in the Python standard library, we still have to import it before using it. Make sure you haven't used a capital letter r ... The fix is easy: define the __file__ variable to the name of the py module you are testing. In the interpreter type: __file__ = 'modulename.py'. Then run the script again. This method has never caused an issue for me. Share.3 Answers. The recommended way to use MySQL with Django is to install mysqlclient instead of mysql-connector-python. If you use mysql-connector-python, then you need to change the ENGINE to 'mysql.connector.django' in your DATABASES setting ( docs ). NameError: name 'nn' is not defined. 4. Pytorch Error, RuntimeError: expected scalar type Long but found Double. 1. Pytorch - AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no ...今回はPythonのNameErrorについて解説します。 1. NameErrorとは 2. NameErrorの対応方法 3. まとめ 関連記事 1. NameErrorとは NameErrorはPythonの組み込み例外の1つで、「名前が見つからなかった」というエラーです。 このエラーは、変数や関数などを参照した…Apr 2, 2021 · And also: "NameError: name 'price_buy' is not defined". The code is generating a list of random numbers. import numpy as np # This function generates a list of numbers under certain rules def num_var_list (): global number_list, number_exit, number_target number_list = [] number_target = number_exit num_max_robot = (number_target * 20) / 100 ... Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quicklySep 21, 2022 · 1. Solution: stop copying random code from other places and wonder why it does not work. Instead write code yourself that you do understand. Having globals is very often a very bad idea, particularly if you do not know what you are doing and how to build a somewhat clean application. – luk2302. Sep 21, 2022 at 8:40. The above code defines a function named “name” using the keyword “def”. This function is accessed and returns the value “5” successfully. But when we tried to access a sample() function, we encountered the “NameError”, which shows that the “name ‘sample’ is not defined”. This is because this function does not exist in ...Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quicklyNov 23, 2019 · 1 Answer. In Python 3.x, use int instead of long. PEP 237: Essentially, long renamed to int. That is, there is only one built-in integral type, named int; but it behaves mostly like the old long type. Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about Teams 0. You should insert a cell just before your present code cell and then type the following code. from sklearn.base import BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin. class DataFrameSelector (BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin): def __init__ (self, attribute_names): self.attribute_names = attribute_names def fit (self, X, y=None): return self def transform ...Mar 7, 2016 · First of all, try creating a minimal reproducible example by isolating parts of your code until you isolate the exact lines/modules/packages creating the problem. The Stacktrace already helps, because now we know that it is a problem when calling the pydot.graph_from_dot_data method. Track = models.get_model (app_name, model_name) else: class Track (AudioTrack): pass class Genre_Track (models.Model): #links genre to tracks audio_track = models.ForeignKey (AudioTrack) genre = models.ForeignKey (Genre) Where is the line throwing this error? Do you have a function named _ defined in that context?Jun 30, 2022 · NameError: name '_mysql' is not defined after setting change to mysql 3 Django connect mysql problem, NameError: name '_mysql' is not defined Dec 6, 2016 · Firstly, maybe your df object is not global variable. If so, you may pass df as an argument to the function. For the syntax, your access to the index should be .index [0] rather than .index (0). A more compact solution is return str (df ['Gold'].idxmax ()). @jezrael Thanks for suggestion. Jun 19, 2013 · try: # Python 2 forward compatibility range = xrange except NameError: pass # Python 2 code transformed from range (...) -> list (range (...)) and # xrange (...) -> range (...). The latter is preferable for codebases that want to aim to be Python 3 compatible only in the long run, it is easier to then just use Python 3 syntax whenever possible ... Actually, I found the solution to this. If we use the import from __future__ import annotations it will read the file and it won't have that problem, so we can reference different things in the order that we want.Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly今回はPythonのNameErrorについて解説します。 1. NameErrorとは 2. NameErrorの対応方法 3. まとめ 関連記事 1. NameErrorとは NameErrorはPythonの組み込み例外の1つで、「名前が見つからなかった」というエラーです。 このエラーは、変数や関数などを参照した…NameError: name 'Your' is not defined Most beginners make these types of mistakes and sometimes find it hard to find a solution. One more thing that beginners make ...Oct 24, 2019 · The fix is easy: define the __file__ variable to the name of the py module you are testing. In the interpreter type: __file__ = 'modulename.py'. Then run the script again. This method has never caused an issue for me. Share. 0. You should insert a cell just before your present code cell and then type the following code. from sklearn.base import BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin. class DataFrameSelector (BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin): def __init__ (self, attribute_names): self.attribute_names = attribute_names def fit (self, X, y=None): return self def transform ...Jan 11, 2023 · NameError: name ‘screen’ is not defined. Did you mean: ‘Screen’? 21st January 2023; ImportError: cannot import name ‘screen’ from ‘turtle’ 21st January 2023; ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘Turtle’ 21st January 2023; Python Quiz Code Sachin Vs Virat 2023 21st January 2023; NameError: name ‘Self’ is not defined. In Python 2.x input is basically doing eval (input ()). You can read up on eval here. Basically it tries to evaluate the given expression. Since numbers and strings are expressions themselves, it will try to run your h input as literally h instead of a str. Once again use raw_input () to avoid this in Python 2.x. Jul 27, 2020 · 13. So as a full answer: If you use the python package mysqlclient you still need to install the mysql client from Oracle/MySQL. This contains the C-library that the python package uses. To make things more confusing: the python package is in fact written in C for speed increases. To install this library on MacOS: NameError: Name 'Item' is not defined. 0. Using a function to create a dataframe from a webscrape. Hot Network Questions How in Bash to test a name/string is an ...Reloading updates module variables, but does not remove old ones, so if you rename something the old name will still exist. If you change class definitions, existing objects will still have the old type.Aug 1, 2022 · Using this code in my website update tool, I receive a NameError: name 'new_link1' is not defined. However I use the name new_link in my code, not new_link1. I am using Jupyter notebooks with some other notebooks running similar code if that might be having an effect. My code is below. 1 Answer. clear_message () belongs to MainPage class so when calling it inside that class, you need to use self. prefix. Also, you need to use self as a parameter when defining the method since it is a member of a class. def clear_message (self): #self here user_key.delete (0, 'END') psw_key.delete (0, 'END') Additionally, since clear_message ...Let’s now look at the above scenarios in detail. The scipy module is not imported. It can happen that you are trying to use the scipy module without even importing it. This is because Python does not recognize the scipy library and its functions until it is imported into the code.In practice, you could use any other name, e.g. this. However, this is not recommended as the convention is followed by most (if not all) Python developers and not following it would make your code more confusing and more difficult to read. # Conclusion. To solve the "NameError: name 'self' is not defined", make sure:To fix this error, you can either access pandas using the name that you have used in the import statement or import pandas without an alias. import pandas as pd. # create a dataframe. df = pd.DataFrame( {. 'Name': ['Jim', 'Pam', 'Dwight'], 'Age': [25, 26, 28] }) # display the dataframe. 3 Answers. Because model has not been defined before using it in the line classes = model.predict (images, batch_size=10). First define a model and then use it, for eg; from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression x = 30 * np.random.random ( (20, 1)) y = 0.5 * x + 1.0 + np.random.normal (size=x.shape) model = LinearRegression () model.fit ...Apr 14, 2022 · 1. First thing first: always try to avoid using the global keyword. It causes instability i code as it gets longer and complex. Anyways, your code says global is not defined because you don't have the global variable named browser defined outside of the function scopes. Remove the global keyword. Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about TeamsUsing this code in my website update tool, I receive a NameError: name 'new_link1' is not defined. However I use the name new_link in my code, not new_link1. I am using Jupyter notebooks with some other notebooks running similar code if that might be having an effect. My code is below.In practice, you could use any other name, e.g. this. However, this is not recommended as the convention is followed by most (if not all) Python developers and not following it would make your code more confusing and more difficult to read. # Conclusion. To solve the "NameError: name 'self' is not defined", make sure:I'd recommend putting a import pdb;pdb.set_trace () first in the InfraPy.py file to make sure you are in the right file, and step through the definition of InfraPy.py to see what is happening. If you don't get a breakpoint, you are importing another file than you think. You can also dir (InfraPy) after importing it, and check which file you are ...Feb 23, 2023 · In practice, you could use any other name, e.g. this. However, this is not recommended as the convention is followed by most (if not all) Python developers and not following it would make your code more confusing and more difficult to read. # Conclusion. To solve the "NameError: name 'self' is not defined", make sure: In practice, you could use any other name, e.g. this. However, this is not recommended as the convention is followed by most (if not all) Python developers and not following it would make your code more confusing and more difficult to read. # Conclusion. To solve the "NameError: name 'self' is not defined", make sure:NameError: name 'geek' is not defined. 3. Defining variable after usage: In the following example, even though the variable geek is defined in the program, it is defined after its usage. Since Python interprets the code from top to bottom, this will raise NameErrorNameError: name 'geek' is not defined. 3. Defining variable after usage: In the following example, even though the variable geek is defined in the program, it is defined after its usage. Since Python interprets the code from top to bottom, this will raise NameErrorLet’s now look at the above scenarios in detail. The scipy module is not imported. It can happen that you are trying to use the scipy module without even importing it. This is because Python does not recognize the scipy library and its functions until it is imported into the code.How many terms do you want for the sequence? 5 Traceback (most recent call last): File "fibonacci.py", line 18, in <module> n = calculate_nt_term(n1, n2) NameError: name 'calculate_nt_term' is not defined. Python cannot find the name “calculate_nt_term” in the program because of the misspelling.And also: "NameError: name 'price_buy' is not defined". The code is generating a list of random numbers. import numpy as np # This function generates a list of numbers under certain rules def num_var_list (): global number_list, number_exit, number_target number_list = [] number_target = number_exit num_max_robot = (number_target * 20) / 100 ...Aug 24, 2020 · NameError: name is not defined. In python, nameerror name is not defined is raised when we try to use the variable or function name which is not valid. Example: value = ['Mango', 'Apple', 'Orange'] print(values) After writing the above code, Ones you will print “ values ” then the error will appear as a “ NameError: name ‘values’ is ... You file execute.py permits someone to exec() arbitrary code (here be dragons). In this case, the code includes an alias tk that is unknow in the context of execute.py.. Either execute.py needs to import and set this alias or the text file contents of self.input needs to do that.As in your code, you wrote history.history ['categorical_accuracy'], which gives me the idea that you must use history = model. fit (...). The .fit () method must return training logs stuff, so this history variable should possess them. One of the silly reasons is, after training, one probably shut down the notebook and later reload the model ...The above code defines a function named “name” using the keyword “def”. This function is accessed and returns the value “5” successfully. But when we tried to access a sample() function, we encountered the “NameError”, which shows that the “name ‘sample’ is not defined”. This is because this function does not exist in ... 29 6. regc should be a function that is known to the script (maybe defined somewhere else or imported) – user2314737. Sep 5, 2020 at 9:20. You said command=regc and now python is looking for a function named regc to execute when the button is clicked, but no such button exists, so how will it work, you have to start by def regc (): in the ...Jan 8, 2019 · 1. global bgcolor does not define, declare, or otherwise create a variable. It simply states that a global variable by that name, not a local variable, should be used. You still need to ensure it is defined before your first use in DISPLAYSURF.fill (bgcolor). Specifically, you need to assign a value to the variable before the first time you ... Reloading updates module variables, but does not remove old ones, so if you rename something the old name will still exist. If you change class definitions, existing objects will still have the old type.You file execute.py permits someone to exec() arbitrary code (here be dragons). In this case, the code includes an alias tk that is unknow in the context of execute.py.. Either execute.py needs to import and set this alias or the text file contents of self.input needs to do that.As in your code, you wrote history.history ['categorical_accuracy'], which gives me the idea that you must use history = model. fit (...). The .fit () method must return training logs stuff, so this history variable should possess them. One of the silly reasons is, after training, one probably shut down the notebook and later reload the model ...0. You should insert a cell just before your present code cell and then type the following code. from sklearn.base import BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin. class DataFrameSelector (BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin): def __init__ (self, attribute_names): self.attribute_names = attribute_names def fit (self, X, y=None): return self def transform ... Traceback (most recent call last): File line 4, in <module> print__age(14) NameError: name 'print__age' is not defined This issue is similar to the previous example but applied to function. Although there is a “print age” function, the function name is print, underscore, and age; however, I used double underscore __ when I called the function.0. You should insert a cell just before your present code cell and then type the following code. from sklearn.base import BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin. class DataFrameSelector (BaseEstimator, TransformerMixin): def __init__ (self, attribute_names): self.attribute_names = attribute_names def fit (self, X, y=None): return self def transform ...NameError: name ‘screen’ is not defined. Did you mean: ‘Screen’? 21st January 2023; ImportError: cannot import name ‘screen’ from ‘turtle’ 21st January 2023; ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘Turtle’ 21st January 2023; Python Quiz Code Sachin Vs Virat 2023 21st January 2023; NameError: name ‘Self’ is not defined.1. Solution: stop copying random code from other places and wonder why it does not work. Instead write code yourself that you do understand. Having globals is very often a very bad idea, particularly if you do not know what you are doing and how to build a somewhat clean application. – luk2302. Sep 21, 2022 at 8:40.Jun 19, 2013 · try: # Python 2 forward compatibility range = xrange except NameError: pass # Python 2 code transformed from range (...) -> list (range (...)) and # xrange (...) -> range (...). The latter is preferable for codebases that want to aim to be Python 3 compatible only in the long run, it is easier to then just use Python 3 syntax whenever possible ... May 23, 2021 · NameError: Name 'Item' is not defined. 0. Using a function to create a dataframe from a webscrape. Hot Network Questions How in Bash to test a name/string is an ... @Mark_Hanslip Glad you’re trying the native API! The full import paths are torch.cuda.amp.autocast and torch.cuda.amp.GradScaler.Often, for brevity, usage snippets don’t show full import paths, silently assuming the names were imported earlier and that you skimmed the class or function declaration/header to obtain each path.NameError: name 'Your' is not defined Most beginners make these types of mistakes and sometimes find it hard to find a solution. One more thing that beginners make ...Sep 1, 2023 · Causes of the NameError: name not defined. The following are the most common causes due to which you receive the NameError: name not defined: Misspelled variable or function name. Try to call a variable or function before the declaration. Forget to define a variable. Try to access a local variable. Try to print a single word. You have imported the math module using a different name. How to fix the NameError: name 'math' is not defined? The math library in Python is a built-in module that provides various mathematical operations and functions. It includes functions for basic arithmetic operations, trigonometric functions, logarithmic functions, and more.1 import logging as lg. 3 # log a warning message "Watch out!" ----> 4 logging.warning ('Watch out!') NameError: name 'logging' is not defined. We get a NameError: name 'logging' is not defined. This is because we have imported the logging module with the name lg but we’re trying to use it using the name logging.Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about TeamsSep 26, 2020 · class GameLogic (object): def __init__ (self): self._player = Player (7) class Player (object): def __init__ (self,move_count): self.move_count = move_count. This is not my original code. I simplified my original code to show my mistake. Part of my original code is down below. class GameLogic: def __init__ (self, dungeon_name="game1.txt ... Teams. Q&A for work. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Learn more about TeamsAug 1, 2022 · Using this code in my website update tool, I receive a NameError: name 'new_link1' is not defined. However I use the name new_link in my code, not new_link1. I am using Jupyter notebooks with some other notebooks running similar code if that might be having an effect. My code is below. Dec 6, 2022 · 1. Since you installed using pip install nltk, it must have likely installed the latest published version of the code. Seems like there is a bug in the code there, as can be seen in the latest version (3.7) source code here. The issue in version 3.7 is that on line 1680, the function lemma_from_key is being called, but it does not exist. NameError: name 'nn' is not defined. 4. Pytorch Error, RuntimeError: expected scalar type Long but found Double. 1. Pytorch - AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no ...The above code defines a function named “name” using the keyword “def”. This function is accessed and returns the value “5” successfully. But when we tried to access a sample() function, we encountered the “NameError”, which shows that the “name ‘sample’ is not defined”. This is because this function does not exist in ...The above code defines a function named “name” using the keyword “def”. This function is accessed and returns the value “5” successfully. But when we tried to access a sample() function, we encountered the “NameError”, which shows that the “name ‘sample’ is not defined”. This is because this function does not exist in ...NameError: Name 'Item' is not defined. 0. Using a function to create a dataframe from a webscrape. Hot Network Questions How in Bash to test a name/string is an ...NameError: global name 'xrange' is not defined in Python 3. 370. Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement tensorflow. 185. NameError: global name ...Apr 14, 2022 · 1. First thing first: always try to avoid using the global keyword. It causes instability i code as it gets longer and complex. Anyways, your code says global is not defined because you don't have the global variable named browser defined outside of the function scopes. Remove the global keyword. To fix this error, you can either access pandas using the name that you have used in the import statement or import pandas without an alias. import pandas as pd. # create a dataframe. df = pd.DataFrame( {. 'Name': ['Jim', 'Pam', 'Dwight'], 'Age': [25, 26, 28] }) # display the dataframe.

Jun 27, 2022 · addTWoNumbers() # NameError: name 'addTWoNumbers' is not defined In the code above, we called a function – addTWoNumbers() – that was yet to be defined in the program. To fix this, you can create the function if you need it or just get rid of the function if it is irrelevant. . Failed to create a personal access token for this user in azure devops

nameerror name

NameError: global name 'xrange' is not defined in Python 3. 370. Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement tensorflow. 185. NameError: global name ... Let’s now look at the above scenarios in detail. The scipy module is not imported. It can happen that you are trying to use the scipy module without even importing it. This is because Python does not recognize the scipy library and its functions until it is imported into the code.Jun 9, 2020 · 1 Answer. clear_message () belongs to MainPage class so when calling it inside that class, you need to use self. prefix. Also, you need to use self as a parameter when defining the method since it is a member of a class. def clear_message (self): #self here user_key.delete (0, 'END') psw_key.delete (0, 'END') Additionally, since clear_message ... NameError: name '_mysql' is not defined after setting change to mysql 3 Django connect mysql problem, NameError: name '_mysql' is not definedCauses of the NameError: name not defined. The following are the most common causes due to which you receive the NameError: name not defined: Misspelled variable or function name. Try to call a variable or function before the declaration. Forget to define a variable. Try to access a local variable. Try to print a single word.3 Answers. The recommended way to use MySQL with Django is to install mysqlclient instead of mysql-connector-python. If you use mysql-connector-python, then you need to change the ENGINE to 'mysql.connector.django' in your DATABASES setting ( docs ). Jun 6, 2021 · Add a comment. 1. Chepner is correct. You have to call calculate_ticket_price in your init function. The proper syntax is using the super keyword. Example: class Customer (TicketMixin): """ Create instance of Customer """ def __init__ (self, name, age,): self.name = name self.age = age self.price = super ().calculate_ticket_price (self.age) def ... You have imported the math module using a different name. How to fix the NameError: name 'math' is not defined? The math library in Python is a built-in module that provides various mathematical operations and functions. It includes functions for basic arithmetic operations, trigonometric functions, logarithmic functions, and more.1 Answer. clear_message () belongs to MainPage class so when calling it inside that class, you need to use self. prefix. Also, you need to use self as a parameter when defining the method since it is a member of a class. def clear_message (self): #self here user_key.delete (0, 'END') psw_key.delete (0, 'END') Additionally, since clear_message ...Oct 14, 2022 · Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly You have imported the math module using a different name. How to fix the NameError: name 'math' is not defined? The math library in Python is a built-in module that provides various mathematical operations and functions. It includes functions for basic arithmetic operations, trigonometric functions, logarithmic functions, and more.3 Answers. The recommended way to use MySQL with Django is to install mysqlclient instead of mysql-connector-python. If you use mysql-connector-python, then you need to change the ENGINE to 'mysql.connector.django' in your DATABASES setting ( docs ).I though removing the SELF would have resolved the issue quicker and cleaner, although at this stage I dont really care if the SELF is there or not. In that case how would I define 1) "self._request" 2) def _request (self, method, uri, timeout=5, auth=True, params=None) – hdsouza. Sep 2, 2021 at 14:00. Add a comment.Nov 23, 2019 · 1 Answer. In Python 3.x, use int instead of long. PEP 237: Essentially, long renamed to int. That is, there is only one built-in integral type, named int; but it behaves mostly like the old long type. 3 Answers. Because model has not been defined before using it in the line classes = model.predict (images, batch_size=10). First define a model and then use it, for eg; from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression x = 30 * np.random.random ( (20, 1)) y = 0.5 * x + 1.0 + np.random.normal (size=x.shape) model = LinearRegression () model.fit ...1. global bgcolor does not define, declare, or otherwise create a variable. It simply states that a global variable by that name, not a local variable, should be used. You still need to ensure it is defined before your first use in DISPLAYSURF.fill (bgcolor). Specifically, you need to assign a value to the variable before the first time you ....

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